P/B Ratio (Price-to-Book)
Share price divided by book value per share.
The price-to-book ratio compares a company's market value to its book value (shareholders' equity). A P/B below 1.0 suggests the stock trades below net asset value — common for banks and capital-intensive industries. Growth companies often have P/B well above 1.0 because much of their value is intangible (brand, IP, moat).
P/E Ratio
Share price divided by earnings per share — how much you pay per dollar of profit.
P/S Ratio (Price-to-Sales)
Market cap divided by revenue.
Return on Equity (ROE)
Net income divided by shareholders' equity — the return to equity investors.
Market Capitalization
Share price multiplied by shares outstanding — the total equity value.
Enterprise Value (EV)
Market cap plus net debt — the total acquisition value of the business.
EV/EBITDA
Enterprise value divided by EBITDA — a capital-structure-neutral valuation metric.